| .תרמונמ תינצב (208 | ||||||||||
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.ףנכ-תרוחשמ הנטקו ןטב-תנבל תינצבמ הלודג .הלדוגב תינוניב :תרמונמ תינצב .םהמ תלדבנ הזבו ,טלוב ןבלה התשו הבנזמ תוטלוב הילגר הפועמ ןמזב .טלוב ןבל ספ הניע לעמ .ריהב םוחב םימתכומו םירמונמ ,םימוחש םינוילעה הפוג יקלח ףרוחב .םימוח םיספ םיעיפומ הזחה לעו רתוי רמונמ הבג ץיקב .תוכוראו תורצ היפנכו תוקרקרי תובוהצ הילגר ,תיז-רוחש הרוקמ .םיקותמ םימ יווקמ דיל תפרוח .היחמצ ירוטע םייולג םייצוב םיחטש ,תוציב הלודיג תיב .ןופצב רקיעב הרידנ תפרוחו ץראה יקלח בורב היוצמ חרוא תרבוע ץראב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Tringa glareola N Europe through C Siheria to Kamchatka and Commander Is. Winters in tropical subtropical Afric, across S Asia to S Asia to S China, Philippines, Indonesia and Australia. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.Medium sized, graceful Tringa. Head,neck and breast finely streaked grey brown. Supercilium and throat white. Upperparts black brown with white spots, underparts white.Very similar to T. ochropus, but paler, less bulky and longer-legged. Underwing much paler. Has longer neck and legs than more uniform T. hypoleucos. Female averages slightly larger. Non-breeding adult has browner and less spotted upperparts, breast washed grey and less streaked. Habitat.Open swampy areas in boreal forest, especially scrubland between tundra and coniferous forest, peatlands, marshlands with deciduous bushes, and wet heathlands with scattered conifers.Outside breeding season, found in more open areas including open margins of inland fresh waters, muddy marsshes, grassy stream banks, sewage farms, wet paddyfields, tiny temporary pools and streams. Food and FeedingDiet includes chiefly aquatic insects, beetles, worms, spiders, crustaceans, molluscs, small fish, sometimes plant matter.Probes, pecks or sweeps bill through water, also able to catch flying insects from air. Feeds in shallow water or on mud. Often feeds singly, but also in pairs or scattered groups. Breeding.May-Jun. Monogamous. Nest is scrape lined with moss, stems and leaves, on ground among dense cover. Frequently in trees, in old nests of other species. 4 eggs, single brood, inqubation 23 days, by both sexes.Chick pale buff to pale cream marked fuscous black and mottled greyish brown to cinnamon on upper back, with wide dark cap and white belly. Care of young only by male. Age of first breeding 1 year. Movements.Migratory. Birds move to sub Saharan Africa and India, few to Australia. On migration, scarce in W Europe, especially during N migration in May.Migration across Europe and Middle East overland on broad front, S-SSW. Scarce in Britain and Ireland. Many stop over in N Mediterranean, especially France and Italy. Spring migration probably more easterly, with briefer pauses. Birds wintering in E and S Africa originate from former USSR. Many E Siberian breeders pass through S Ussuriland, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, E China and Hong Kong to SE Asian wintering grounds, with only small fraction continuing to Australia. Status and Conservation.Not globally threatened. European breeding population estimated at up to 1.500.000 pairs.Israel.In Israel subspecies Tringa glareola. Common passage migrant overall the country and scarce winter visitor mainly in north. |
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