| .תישמרח (225 | ||||||||||
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הטמ יפלכ והצקב הטונו בחר ,ךורא רוקמ לעב ,ןטק יאמפוח :תישמרח .רוקמ תכוראו םילגר תרצק ,ההכ ,הנממ הנטק לבא ,ףרוחב תיניפלא תיפוחל המוד .םינבל הבג יספ השאר ידיצב .םינבל םיספ ינש וידיצבו ,תימוטרחה בגל המוד הבג .רוחש וזכרמו רפרפא הבנז ,ןבל תשה לע ,םימוחש םינוילעה הפוג יקלח ץיקב .הפועמ ןמזב ריהב ןבל ספ טלוב היפנכבו הנבל ןטבה ,תומוחש תודוקנב דקונמו ןבנבל הנורג .ץוב יחטשו םימ יוקמ דיל הדידנה ןמזב ,תוינופצ תוגייטו תורדנוט הלודיג תיב .םיחלהו םיירושימה ץראה יקלח בורב ידמל הרידנ חרוא תרבוע ץראב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
L. f. falcinellus Scandinavia and NW Rrssia. Winters from E and S Africa through Arabia to W and S India and Sre lanka. L. f. sibirica Taymyr to R Kolyma. Winters from NE India throug SE Asia, Philippines and Indonesia to Australia. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.17 cm, 30-65 g, wingspan 35 cm. Small shoreline wader, slightly smaller than Calidris alpina with long, broad bill decurved at tip.Distinctive split supercilium, short legs, black mantle and scapulars with whitish fringes in fresh plumage, and whitish lines down edges. Wing coverts grey-brown with whitish fringes. Female averages larger. Non-breeding adult has grey-brown upperparts with dark streaks or feather centres and white fringes. Underparts white, but breast with faint grey-brown streaks. Race sibirica has brighter rufous fringes to feathers upperparts, also distinguished by broader lower supercilium and narrower upper supercilium. Habitat.Subarctic lowland zone, possibly up to northernmost taiga, in wet bogs and on open peatland.Race sibirica breeds in wet Arctic tundra. During migration, species occurs in soft muddy areas on shores of ponds and lakes, also found on windflats, shallow freshwater to saline, lagoons, overgrazed meadows, inlets of fjords and river sandbanks. Food and FeedingNereids, and marine worms, snails, bivalves, crustaceans, insects and sometimes seeds.While feeding, walks slowly, picking from side to side and occasionally drilling and probing, often with head at typical sideways angle. May make short runs, feeds on soft mud or wet sand and occasionally wades in shallow water. Singly or in small flocks, sometimes mingling with other waders. Breeding.Jun-Jul in Russia, Jun in Fenno-Scandia. Monogamous, in loose colonies up to 10 pairs, male aggressively territorial.Nest is cup lined with vegetation, often on top of tussock. 3-4 aggs, single brood, incubation 21 days. Chick has chestnut or hazel brown upperparts, with bold black bands and lines of powder-puff, contrasting white underparts and buff tinged breast. Chicks tended by both parents, but female deserts before fledging. Movements.Migrates in broad front SE across Europe. Substantial numbers stage in in Sivash, S Ukraine, in May, also Middle East coasts, Caspian Sea and Bulgarian seaboard in Sep.Present in Africa mainly from Sep to Apr. Large numbers pass NE China, in Aug. Present in NW Australia mainly from late Oct. Return migration Apr-Jun, reaching breeding grounds in May-Jun. Migrates singly or in small parties, but on spring migration flocks of up to several hundred. Status and Conservation.Not globally threatened. poplation of two races estimated at 50.000 birds.Israel.In Israel subspecies L. f. falcinellus. Quite rare passage migrant over low-lying areas. |
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