| .ףרוח תיעלס (401 | ||||||||||
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שיש תורוחשה תוצונה תא רסח רכזה לש ובג ,ילוח ןבלו רוחשב עובצ :ףרוח תיעלס | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
O. f. finschii Turkey and Levant, S to Dead Sea region, E to Taurus mountains and S-E Turkey, Iran and E Iraq. O. f. barnesi E Turkey, Transcaucasia, E Caucasus, N Iran, and from E shore of Caspian Sea and C Iran E to Afghanistan, and W Pakistan. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.14-15 cm, 22-25 g, wingspan 25-27 cm. Small to medium-sized, often shy wheatear, with plumage pattern overlapping those of at least 3 congeners: male most recalls black-throated O. hispanica but differs in black of throat being extended to meet black of wings. Thus also suggests O. pleschanka and O. lugens.Underwing and tail pattern in male can recall O. lugens but underwing duller. Female even less distinctive, but has black throat-band. Sexes markedly dissimilar in spring, less so in winter. HabitatIn continental lower-middle latitudes of shuth-east sector of west Palearcitc, in dry warm temperate and steppe zones.Breeds in USSR on bare clay sands, rocky steppes, and ravines heaped with stones in low mountains, up to zone of pistachios at 1500 m. Oneast coast of Caspian, occurs on rocky footills and on plains, nesting in rodent holes. Food and FeedingMainly insects, also some seeds and other plant material.Breeding.Apr in Turkey and Middle East. Nest site in hole in rock outcrop, among stones, or in bank. Less commonly in rodent burrow, but in sandy desert.4-6 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy, pale blue with variable red-brown speckling or spotting. Incubation 12-13 days, by female only. Movements.Partially migratory. Difficult to determine status in some parts of range, with wintering birds of unknown origin swelling local, probably resident, populations. Altitudinal differences in migratory status may occur, in south-west Iran, a summer visitor to Tang-i-Shul and other breeding grounds exceeding 2000 m but some may be resident lower down.Status and ConservationNot globally threatened. No information on trends, but populations of Turkey, expanding range slowly.Israel.In Israel two subspecies O. f. finschii The main form in Israel, scarce passage migrant and fairly common winter visitor in northern, central and some southern parts of the country, also very rare breeding summer visitor in Hermon.O. f. barnesi Some winter visitors somewhat approach this form. |
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