| .תש-תדולח תיעלס (403 | ||||||||||
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הבג ,רתוי קזח ינומרעה עבצהש אלא בנז-תדולח תיעלסל המוד :תש-תדולח תיעלס | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
O. x. xanthoprymna S-E Turkey to Iranian Kordestan and W foothills of Zagros mountains. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.14-15 cm, 20-26 g, wingspan 26-37 cm. Close in structure to Northern Wheateat, with general character much recalling Northern Wheateat but showing diagnostic combination of rufous-chestnut rump and black T mark on tail. Basal sides of tail chestnut or white. Crown and back dull brown, with face and throat fairly nondescript or solid black.Sexes usually similar, little seasonal variation. HabitatBreeds in continental lower middle latitudes, in arid and steppe climates, mainly in upland and mountain regions, favouring steep and bare terrain with ready access for nesting and refuge to burrows, fissures, scree, and other sites offering convenient holes,Food and FeedingDiet largely insects, especially ants, beetles and larval Lepidoptera. Typically finds food on bare ground using dash-and-jab technique or launches flying attacks from firm, elevated perch, stone or boulder.Food also picked of vegetation and dug out of ground with bill. Breeding.Jun-Aug in E Turkey, Apr-Jun in Transcaucasia, May in N Iran. Nest site, in hole in rocks, among stones, or in wall of building, occasionally in burrow of Bee-eater. Nest, loosely constructed, fairly shallow cup of dry grass and coarser plant fibres, lined with finer fibres stripped from plant stems, sometimes on thick base of debris.4-6 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and slightly glossy, very pale bluish-white, or pure white with barely discernible bluish tinge, unmarked or with sparse red-brown spotting. Incubation 13 days, by female only. Movements.Largely migratory, although some birds in S-W Iran perhaps make only altitudinal movements.Winters in eastern Africa and S-W Asia. Rare in N Yemen, and only small numbers winter in Gulf states of Arabia, though fairly common in United Arab Emirates, common in S-W Iran. Nominate, breeding S-E Turkey E to Iranian Kordestan, winters in Sinai, E Egypt, and Sudan, and in S & C of Arabian peninsula. The second race, breeding Transcaucasia and Zagros eastwards is common winter visitor to Red Sea coast of Sudan and Eritrea, at least as far south as Zula. Status and ConservationNot globally threatened. No information on trends.Israel.In Israel Oenanthe xanthoprymna occasional passage migrant and winter visitor. |
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