| .ןומרח יזגרי(481 | ||||||||||
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,םיריהב ויתוצונ יעבצו קזח רוקמו בחר שאר לעב ,םשוגמ ,ולדוגב ינוניב :ןומרח יזגרי | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Logoubris Group P. l. lugubris NW Crouatia, Albania, C & S Romania, Bulgaria and N Greece. P. l. lugens C & S Greece. P. l. anatoliae Lesbos island, Asia Minor, southern Transcaucasia, Levant, and N Iraq. Dubius Group P. l. hyrcanus Talysh area and N Iran. P. l. dubius Zagros mountains. P. l. kirmanensis Kerman area of S Iran. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.14 cm, 13-17g, wingspan 21-23 cm. Medium-sized to large, bulky tit, with strong bill, broad head, and rather dull plumage similar in pattern to P. montanus. Deep and long cap and large bib covering chin and whole of throat sooty-black, duller in tone. Cheek, ear-coverts, and side of neck under rear of cap white, sullied near neck.Upperparts basically ashy-brown, tone strongest on flight and tail-feathers. Wings show greyer margins and tips on larger coverts and distinct greyish-white fringes to tertials and inner secondaries. Underparts dull cream-white, side of breast and fore-flank washed pale ashy-brown to grey, rear flank washed buff. Sexes similar, no seasonal variation. HabitatMost southerly tit breeding in west Palearctic, in warm continental middle and lower latitudes, mainly Mediterranean but also montane. Inhabits open forests of oak, beech, and even dark conifers, riverside willow and poplar, orchards, and vineyards.Food and FeedingMainly small invertebrates, especially caterpillars and other larvae. Occasionally seeds. Forages readily on ground, among rocks or leaves, but always flies up to nearest perch with food item. Often feeds on seed-heads of herbs.Breeding.From Mar in most of European range, in extreme north-west in 1st half of Apr. Nest site, hole in tree or, apparently less often, in rocks.Nest, cup of plant material and wool, lined with feathers. 5-7 eggs, sub-elliptical, white, with fine reddish speckles. Incubation 13-14 days, by female alone. Movements.Resident and, over most of range, sedentary, though moves about in mixed-species flocks in winter 1st-years especially.Status and ConservationNot globally threatened. Probable recent spread north in Transylvania.Israel.In Israel subspecies P. l. anatoliae quite common bat very local resident on the Hermon and its slopes. |
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