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.ןבל יאנקש (28 | ||||||||||
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.תיציצ ושארל .ןוניקה תפוקתב דירוומ ןבלה ועבצ ,לודג ףוע :ןבל יאנקש .תודורו וא תומותכ וילגרו דרדורו וא בוהצ קשה ,לחלחכ ורוקמ ,והזח לע בוהצ םתכ ,םירוחש ויפנכ תוצק .תוצונה ףוליח םע ןבל ךפוהה ריהב םוח םעבצ םיריעצה .עקרקה לע ףוחל ךומס םייאב ןנקמ ,תצקמב םיחולמ וא םיקותמ םימ יוקמ ולודיג תיב .יוצמ ץיקו ףרוח רקבמ ץראב ...ןילכוא לוכאל וגהנש םוקמ ינטבו יאנקש ... א'ע ג"ס ןילוח תכסמב דומלתב רכזנ יאנקש .Pelecanus ל הז םשב םישמתשמ םויכ ,הרבח = יאנקש םישרפמה שי | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Pelecanus onocrotalus Breeds E Europe to W Mongolia, wintering NE Africa, Iraq to India. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.Male 175 cm; 9-15 kg, bill 350 mm; female 150 cm, bill 300-400 mm; wingspan 230-360 cm.Long billed, legs pink, flight-feathers all black from below; feathering on forehead tapers to a point over bill. During breeding, facial skin pinkish-yellow in male, bright orange in female, and legs tinged crimson; forehead swells out to form "knob". Non-breeding adult lacks pinkish tinge to plumage and yellow breast; bare parts duller. Juvenile greyish-brown above, dirty white below, with dull bare parts. HabitatIn Eurasia, fresh or brackish water of lakes, deltas, lagoons and marshes, often requiring extensive reedbeds for breedingIn Africa, alkaline or freshwater lakes, sometimes marine; breeds on inselbergs in W Africa, also flat inshore islands. Fishing technique usually demands shallow, warm water. Generally in lowlands, except in E Africa; recorded at 1372 m in Nepal. Food and FeedingFish mostly 300-600 g, In Europe prefers carp; recorded taking mullet in China and Cyprinodon disparin India; commonest prey in Africa are cichlids.In Africa, generally takes larger fish than P. rufescens, but can survive on abundant small fish: large fish may make up 90% of diet. Estimated daily food requirement 900-1200 g. Normally feeds in groups, often co-operatively, but solitary on occasions. Breeding.Spring in temperate zones, all year round in Africa, starts Feb/Apr in India.Ground nester, habitually in large colonies; vest is usually pile of reeds, sticks, etc, but spmetimes nests directly on almost bare rocks in Africa. Average 2 egg; incubation 29-36 days, chicks hatch naked, grow blackish-brown down; Age of sexual maturity probably at 3-4years. Movements.Migratory in N populations; arrives Danube Delta late Mar/Apr, leaves Sept/Nov; current wintering grounds of European population unknown. Many Asian breeders winter in Pakistan.Resident and dispersive in tropics and some S temperate sites. Regularly flies long distances from colony to feed probably commutes 100's of km daily between colony at Mogade, Cameroon and Chad. Status and ConservationNot globally threatend.Has declined dramatically in Palearctic over past century and now considered regionally threatened, although numbers thought to be fairly stable 75,000 counted on autumn mitration through Israel, late 1980's. Israel.In Israel subspecies Pelecanus onocrotalus. Abundant winter and summer visitor. observed throughout the country, |
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