.דדונ זב (144






Peregrine Falcon
Peregrine Falcon
Peregrine Falcon




Falco peregrinus
Falco peregrinus
Falco peregrinus


לארשי

 .השילגל רבועו תוריהמב ויפנכב חפוט .רצק ובנזו תוכורא ויפנכ ,ופועמב יוהיזל לק :דדונ זב
.המצועה אולמב וילע ללוצ ,ופרט תא ההזמ רשאכו תואדל הברמ
.ההכ רופא עבצב ספסופמו ,לוחה עבצב ונוחג .ההכ דעו ריהב רופאמ ובג עבצ ,םינווגמו םיבר ויעפומ
.םיריהב םייחלו ןורג עקר לע טלוב םפש ןיעכ רוחש ספ
.םפרוע לע הדולח עבצו רתוי םיריהבה םיימורדה םינימה תתמ רתוי םיהכ םיינופצה םינימה תת
.םימתכב הסוכמ לבא ספסופמ וניא םנוחגו ההכ םוח םבג םיריעצה .םירכזהמ רתוי תולודג תובקנה
.םירגובה לשכ תובוהצ אלו תולוחכ תורופא םהילגר
.תורהנ יכפשב ףרוח .ןוניקל םינינבו תורעי,םיקוצמ םע םירוזא דחוימב .תורדנוטל דעו הצחמל םיירבדמ םירוזאמ ,םיחותפ םיפונ ולודיג תיב
peregrinus, calidus, broodei:םינימ תת השולש ץראב
.יארקאבו םירידנ םירגודו םירידנ ץיק ירקבמ ,םייוצמ םיפרוחו םייוצמ חרוא ירבוע
דרפנ ןימכ םירקוחהמ קלח לצא בשחנ pelegrinoides ןימה תת
'א ה"צ ןירדהנס ... יאזב רוכשל קפנ ...
Subspecies and Distribution.
F. p. tundrius Arctic tundra from Alaska to Greenland F. p. anatum N America, S tundra to Mexico.
F. p. pealei W N Americ from Washington to W Alaska and Aleutian Is F. p. cassini Ecuador to Bolivia, Argentina to Chile and falkland Is.
F. p. japonensis Siberia to Kamchatka and Japan F. p. furuitii Volcano Is. and Bonin Is.
F. p. calidus Lapland to N E Siberia F. p. peregrinus Eurasia, Balcans and Himalayas, from British Is. to Russian Far East.
F. p. brookei France, Spain and N Africa through Mediterranean to CaucasusF. p. babylonicus Iran to Mongolia . F. p. pelegrinoides Canary Is. N Africa to Iraq and Iran F. p. madens Cape Verde Is.
F. p. minor S of Sahara and Morocco F. p. radama Madagascar and Comoro Is.
F. p. peregrinator Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka to China F. p. erneste Indonesia and philippines to New Guinea and Bismarck Archipelago. F. p. nesiotes Vanuatu and New Caledonia to Fiji
F. p. macropus Australia. F. p. submelanogenys S W Australia.

Descriptive notes.

35-50 cm,500-1500 g wingspan 80-120 cm.
Large and stocky falcon, with relatively short tail.
Prominent "moustache" usually evident in all ages. Rather variable, with upperparts various tones of blue, grey or black. Underparts white to rufous crossed with variable bars.
Noticeable size dimorphism with female 20% larger than male.
Juvenile has upperparts with tones of black to pale brown, underparts streaked.
Races separated on size and color. Smallest, palest forms in deserts of Eurasia and African region. Largest in Pacific North America and Aleutian Is. Darkest, deep red and black, in Old World tropics and extreme South America.

Habitat.

Very variable, from sea-level to mountains up to 4000 m. from hot tropics to cold, wet marine and arid hot or cold deserts.
Found almost anywhere during migration, unexpected gaps in breeding distribution in Iceland, Newfoundland, South America and New Zealand.

Food and Feeding

Mainly birds, occasionally mammals and sometimes insects, reptiles and exceptionally fish.
Birds taken mainly in flight, when searching for prey, often flies high or perches at prominent site. Prey once located, typically pursued at great speed, frequently culminating in very rapid stoop.
Prey normally killed in mid-air, but sometimes on ground or water.

Breeding.

Feb-Mer in temperate zone, Apr-May at high latitudes, Aug-Oct in S Hemisphere.
Pairs maintain breeding territories, with eyries usually more than 1.5 km apart. No nests built, eggs laid in scrape of depression on cliff, occasionally in disused stick nest of another raptors, in tree hollow or on ground. Nests on buildings in urban areas.
2-3 eggs, incubation 29-30, male provides most of food during first half of nestling periods.
Chicks have white first down, and greyer second down.
Sexual maturity at 2 years.

Movements.

Mainly migratory, in N temperate and Arctic zones.
N American races anatum and tundrius moving to C Argentina and Chile. Eurasian races peregrinus, calidus and japonensis migrate to C Africa, S Asia and Indonesia. Birds may spend 7 months in S non breeding latitudes.
In middle latitudes and S Hemisphere,mainly resident and sedentary.

Status and Conservation.

Not globally threatened. Total breeding populaion worldwide conservatively placed at 18-000 pairs in i980's.

Israel.

In Israel three subspecies F. p. peregrinus, F. p. calidus and F. p. brookei. Quite rare passage migrant but chiefly a winter visitor, and very rare summer visitor. Accidental breeder (where former breeder).

F. p. peregrinus
(in Israel)

F. p. brookei
(in Israel)

F. p. tundrius
F. p. cassini

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