| .יחרזמ ברע זב (137 | ||||||||||
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ויפנכ תוצונ לבא ברע זבל המוד רכזה .רכזה ןמ תצקמב הלודג הבקנה :יחרזמ ברע זב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Falco amurensis Transbaikalia (SE Siberia) and NE Mongolia E to Amurland and S to N & E China and N Korea, has bred in Assam (NE India). Winters in S Africa, mainly from Malawi to Transvaal. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.28-30 cm: male 97-155 g. female 110-I88 g. Male resembles that of F.vespertinus. but axillaries and underwing- coverts white. Female quite different from that of F.vespertinus, with crown and nape grey. larger blackish moustache, and underparts whitish, densely spotted black. Juvenile similar to female, but head and neck paler: upperwing-coverts and back edged rufous.Habitat.Open wooded zones, sometimes with marshy areas: woods and margins of woodland, both coniferous and deciduous: avoids treeless steppes and dense forest. In winter, occurs in savanna and grassland, roosting colonially in clumps of trees: these roosts may be traditional, and may be used by hundreds and up to thousands of birds.Food and FeedingMainly insects, such as locusts, grasshoppers, beetles: also small birds and some amphibians.In African winter quarters, feeds mainly on swarming termite and ant alates. which become abundant in association with tropical rainstorms, but also takes locusts and grasshoppers. Often hunts from perch on tree or power cables, and will rest for long periods on same perch: captures prey in air. but also on ground: sometimes uses hovering flight. Normally hunts more in early morning and late evening: outside breeding season often occurs in flocks. Breeding.Lays in May-Jun. Solitary or in small colonies, in old nests of corvids. or in tree holes. in conifers or broad-leaved trees.Normally 3-4 eggs (2-6). laid at interval of 2 days. Incubation probably c. 28-30 days: both adults incubate and feed chicks: fledging c. I month. Sexual maturity possible in first year. still with juvenile plumage. Movements.Migratory, travelling massive distance between E Asia and S Africa. Often migrates in large groups, of up to thousands, sometimes in company of F. naumanni or other small falcons. Leaves N breeding grounds in second half of Sept: possibly flies over Indian Ocean, from India to E Africa: reaches winter quarters, mainly from Malawi S to Transvaal, in late Nov and early Dec: leaves late Feb and mainly Mar. and reaches breeding grounds in Apr and early May.Status and Conservation.Not globally threatened. Size of population not known: may be stable: at least locally common, SE of L Baikal and in Mongolia. Total of 892 birds counted jjjpjassing over NE China. Visible in enormous flocks of up to 4000-5000 birds, at roosts in winter quarters.Israel.In Israel subspecies Falco amurensis. observed at 2003. |
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